Nutritional Status and Food Preference Differences Among Primary School Students in Karangasem, Bali
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22225/wmj.10.2.13770.88-100Kata Kunci:
school-aged children, nutritional status, food preferencesAbstrak
Status gizi pada anak usia sekolah dasar sangat penting untuk mendukung pertumbuhan fisik dan perkembangan kognitif secara optimal. Transisi pola makan akibat modernisasi, termasuk meningkatnya preferensi terhadap makanan cepat saji dan minuman manis, dapat menurunkan asupan makanan padat gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan status gizi dan preferensi makan siswa di SDN 2 Besakih, Karangasem, Bali. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang. Pengukuran antropometri dilakukan pada seluruh siswa yang hadir (n=211) dan dinilai menggunakan indikator IMT/U dan TB/U berdasarkan standar WHO AnthroPlus. Data preferensi makan dikumpulkan dari 72 siswa yang dipilih melalui stratified sampling menggunakan kuesioner bergambar dengan skala Likert. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat, termasuk uji Two-Way ANOVA. Sebagian besar siswa memiliki status gizi normal, meskipun ditemukan kasus gizi kurang dan gizi lebih. Kurva z-score IMT/U dan TB/U bergeser ke kiri, menunjukkan kerentanan terhadap undernutrition dan stunting. Siswa perempuan memiliki skor preferensi yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan untuk hidangan ayam dan minuman berbasis susu/manis (p<0,01). Tingkatan kelas berpengaruh terhadap preferensi ayam dan minuman, namun tidak terdapat interaksi antara gender dan kelas. Preferensi terhadap sayuran relatif rendah pada semua kelompok. Anak sekolah dasar di wilayah pedesaan Karangasem menghadapi beban ganda masalah gizi dengan pola konsumsi yang cenderung kurang seimbang. Penguatan intervensi gizi berbasis sekolah seperti edukasi gizi, kantin sehat, dan pemantauan pertumbuhan penting dilakukan untuk mendukung kebiasaan makan sehat sejak dini.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Mellysa Kowara, I Putu Suiraoka, Yessi Crosita Octaria, Eny Kurnia Sari, Agnes A Malipu
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