Legal Protection for Victims of Cyberbullying Under Indonesia's Electronic Information and Transactions Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22225/scj.9.1.2026.25-33Keywords:
Cyberbullying, Electronic Information and Transactions Law, Legal Protection, Victim RecoveryAbstract
The rapid growth of digital technology has significantly increased the incidence of cyberbullying, creating complex legal challenges due to its borderless nature, persistent digital content, and multidimensional impact on victims. Although Indonesia has strengthened its cyber law through Law No. 1 of 2024 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) and Law No. 3 of 2026 on the Protection of Witnesses and Victims (WVP Law), the effectiveness of these regulations in ensuring comprehensive legal protection for cyberbullying victims remains insufficiently examined. This study aims to analyze the legal regulation of cyberbullying under the amended ITE Law and evaluate the forms of legal protection available for victims within the Indonesian legal framework. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and fact approaches through the analysis of legislation, legal doctrines, scholarly literature, and relevant cyberbullying cases. The findings demonstrate that the ITE Law provides a legal basis for prosecuting cyberbullying through provisions concerning online defamation, threats, hate speech, and unlawful electronic communications; however, it does not explicitly recognize cyberbullying as an independent criminal offence, resulting in fragmented legal interpretation and inconsistent enforcement. Furthermore, victim protection remains predominantly offender-oriented, as the ITE Law does not comprehensively regulate psychological rehabilitation, legal assistance, restitution, reputation restoration, or other recovery mechanisms, which continue to rely primarily on the WVP Law. Accordingly, the study concludes that strengthening the ITE Law by explicitly regulating cyberbullying and integrating comprehensive victim-oriented protection is essential to achieving greater legal certainty, effective law enforcement, and meaningful recovery for victims.
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