Use of Indonesian Language in Space Outside Media in City of Timika

The strategic position of the Indonesian language for the Indonesian people is reflected in the third pledge of the Youth Pledge in 1928 which reads "We sons of Indonesia uphold the united language of Indonesian" and the 1945 Constitution Article 36 which states that "the language of the country is Indonesian". The aim of the study was to describe the use of Indonesian in outdoor media in the City of Timika. This study is focused on spelling mistakes, misuse of word choices, and sentence errors. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method and prescriptive technique, namely by describing and explaining the findings in the field and providing solutions to the problems found in the use of Indonesian in public spaces in Timika City. The results of this study showed that the forms of errors found in the use of Indonesian in the public area are spelling error, punctuation error, and writing error in absorption elements. The form of spelling errors consists of the use of letters, use of diphthong letters, use of capital letters, consonant combined letter, use of words, basic word, the word affix, reshape, word combination, preposition, abbreviations and acronyms. Meanwhile, the form of punctuation error consists of dot, commas, colon, hyphen, dash, exclamation mark, quotation mark, brackets, and italic line. Furthermore, the form of writing error in absorption elements consists of the use of sentences and words choice. In conclusion, there are still some errors found in public spaces in Timika city.


I. INTRODUCTION
In the face of the era of globalization, a formulation of provisions is needed regarding the use of Indonesian. This is considering how linguistic problems in Indonesia are very complicated. In Indonesia, there are more than 746 regional languages. Regional languages live and develop and are used continuously by speakers. In addition, there are foreign languages in Indonesia. Although the position and function of the local language and foreign languages have been arranged, still the use of local languages and foreign languages (English) is used as desired by the wearer.
That fact will corner the use of Indonesian. If Indonesian language is not immediately arranged in used, Indonesian will not be able to show it's prestige, both in its own country (national) and internationally. For the selection of non-formal variety it is not necessary to question. The use of Indonesian language mixed with code with slang, prokem, slang, or regional language while not being used in a formal situation does not need to worry. However, the concern is that the formal Indonesian language (raw) is used improperly.
The formal variety is used, among others, in state speeches, official meetings, official correspondence, religious lectures, textbooks, scientific works. In accordance with the pace of global development in the world, the Indonesian language must also be used as a standard for public services and commercial RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 2020 services. This is because public services and commercial services are one form of disseminating the use of Indonesian. So, the use of standard Indonesian in public services and commercial services will provide a unifying function and prestige. In addition to the function of its use for official situations, the standard variety according to Gravin and Mathiot in (Chaer & Agustina, 2004) also has other functions that are socio-political in nature, including unifying functions and selfesteem.
Linguistic problems in Indonesia are inseparable from the lives of the supporting communities. In the lives of Indonesian people there have been various changes, both as a result of the new world life order, globalization, and as a result of the rapid development of information technology. This condition has affected the behavior of the Indonesian people. The reform movement that has been rolling out since 1998 has changed the paradigm of the order of life in the community, nation, and state.
The centralized life order has changed to decentralization, the targeted lower-class people are now encouraged to become actors in the nation-building process. In an effort to improve the quality of human resources, the president has declared the "National Education Quality Improvement Movement" on 2 May 2002 accompanied by movement "Library Development" by the Minister of National Education, and welcomed by the Indonesian Publishers Association with" National Book Day "on May 17, 2002. In an effort to follow up on this policy, it is necessary to seek language development in order to improve the quality of the use of Indonesian. Through improving the development and development of the Indonesian language, it is endeavored that the use of Indonesian language correctly and will proudly reach all levels of society, strengthen the unity and unity of the nation and strengthen the nation's personality.
The strategic position of the Indonesian language for the Indonesian people is reflected in the third pledge of the 1928 Youth Oath which reads "Our sons and daughters of Indonesia uphold the language of the unity of the Indonesian language "and the 1945 Constitution of Article 36 which states that" the language of the country is Indonesian". Even if the use of language is leave it alone, it will certainly cause uncertainty in the development of Indonesian in the future. How Indonesian will become an international language, if the use of Indonesian itself in their own country is still chaotic. To respon it, The Center Language has arranged the draft of the Constitution Of Language. That fact, the Constitution Of Language The draft was to legalize the protection of Indonesian, especially in formal situations. Even though the Language Bill has been socialized to various regions, The use of Indonesian in outdoor media displayed in public places still has errors. Some related studies have been conducted previously by several researcher such as (Alhaisoni, Al-Zuoud, & Gaudel, 2015) which examine Analysis of Spelling Errors of Beginner Learners of English in the English Foreign Language Context in Saudi Arabia. This study investigated the four types of spelling errors made in English writing by Saudi male and female students at the University of Ha'il in Saudi Arabia. The results of this study showed that the errors of omission constituted the highest proportion of errors. The majority of learners' spelling errors were related to a wrong use of vowels and pronunciation. When uncertain about accurate spellings, beginner learners often associated a wide range of vowel and consonant combinations in an attempt to spell words accurately, sometimes even combining two distinct lexical items by overlapping vowels. Moreover, (Rusvid, Saun, & Fitrawati, 2016) also conducted the similar study which examine spelling errors which are committed by the students in writing a personal letter. The result of this research shows that students commit all kinds of spelling errors in their writing and students spelling errors also occur in all kinds of parts of speech. Students spelling errors mostly occur in substitution error in their writing. Then, noun part is the highest part which occurs from students spelling errors.
Based on the background and the latest related studies above, this study is focused on spelling mistakes, the use of word choices, and sentence errors. Therefore, the obejcetives of this study is to describe the use of Indonesian in outdoor media in the City of Timika.

Spelling
Spelling is a set of rules or rules of s Spelling regulates the overall way of writing language using letters, words, and punctuation as ingredients.ounding language, separation, merging, and writing in a language. Spelling regulates the overall way of writing language using letters, words, and punctuation as ingredients.
Spelling is a rule that must be obeyed by language users for order and uniformity, especially in written language. Form order will have implications for the accuracy and clarity of meaning. Spelling is like a traffic sign that every driver must obey. If you drive past the traffic signs, traffic that is orderly, organized, and not chaotic creates. Such is the form of the relationship between language users and spelling (Finoza, 2001).
The current spelling is now called Enhanced Spelling (EYD). EYD which officially took effect on August 16, 1972 was an effort to improve spelling that had been used for the previous 25 years known as the Spelling of the Republic or Ejaan Soewandi. Before Spelling Soewandi, there was a spelling which was the first Indonesian spelling, namely Spelling Van Ophuijsen. The scope of Enhanced Spelling (EYD includes five aspects, namely as follows (Finoza, 2001): 1. The use of letters talks about the basic parts of a language, namely alphabet, vowel, consonant, decapitation, and self-name. 2. The use of letters talks about several letters changes from the previous spelling, including capital letters and italics. 3. Writing words talk about morphological fields with all forms and types, namely basic words, derivative words, repeated words, combinations of words, your pronouns, me, you, and so, prepositions at, to, and from, the words of the person and sang, particle, abbreviation and acronym, number and symbol number. 4. Writing up the absorption element discusses the rules for how to write absorption elements, especially vocabulary from foreign languages. 5. The use of punctuation discusses the technique of applying the fifteen punctuation in writing with their respective rules.

Dictation (Word Selection)
Accuracy is the ability of a word to generate the same ideas in the imagination of the reader or listener, as thought or felt by the writer or speaker. Every writer or speaker must try as carefully as possible to choose words to achieve a certain purpose. The word used by the writer or speaker is said to be appropriate if there is a subsequent reaction, both in the form of verbal and nonverbal actions from the reader or listener. In addition, the accuracy will also not cause a misunderstanding between the two parties who are communicating. In general, the requirements for word choice include (1) accuracy, (2) prevalence, (3) accuracy (Keraf, 2002). Some of the following points of concern and issues should be considered by everyone in order to achieve the correct choice of words, namely: 1. Carefully differentiate denotations and connotations 2. Carefully distinguish words that are almost synonymous; Synonymy is a term that can be limited as, (10) a study of various words that have the same meaning or (20 conditions in which two words or more have the same meaning. Conversely, synonyms are words that have the same meaning ( sym = same, onoma = name). 3. Distinguish words that are similar to spelling; that words that are similar in spelling are called polysemics. The word polysemi which comes from poly = lots and sema = sign, means that one form has several meanings. 4. Avoid words of your own creation 5. Be aware of the use of foreign suffixes 6. Distinguish common words and special words

The Right and Good Indonesian Language
The main role of language is as a means of communication, as a means of conveying the intent and feelings of a (communicator) to other people (communicants). In response, from this point of view, someone's language is good if it is capable of carrying out the mandate. However, given that the linguistic situation varies, not always good language is true, or vice versa, not always the right language is good. Likewise in the Indonesian language, good Indonesian is not always true and correct Indonesian is not always good. The use of language that follows a standardized method or is considered standard is the correct language (Alwi, Lapoliwa, & Darmowidjojo, 2003). Standard words are standard words in accordance with the applicable rules of language, based on the study of various sciences, including linguistics and in accordance with the times. In addition to the legal considerations that have been described, there are also provisions that can be the basis for using good and correct Indonesian in public places as follows (Sugono, 2008

Language Mistakes
There are two opposing views on language errors. That is the view from the teacher's point of view and from the student's point of view. From the teacher's point of view, that mistake is a disgrace or blemish for language teaching. Language errors made by students indicate that language teaching is unsuccessful or failed. Therefore language errors must be avoided so that language teaching is successful. While from the point of view of students, language errors are an integral part of the language learning process. These errors can certainly be minimized or even eliminated by arranging more perfect components of the language teaching and learning process.
Then what arises what is meant by language errors? To answer this question we can be seen by referring to the slogan "Use good and correct In The first measure is related to the determinants of communication indonesian" (Tarigan & Sulistyaningsih, 1997 While the second measure is related to linguistic rules known as grammar. Thus good and correct Indonesian is Indonesian which is in accordance with the determinants of communication and is correct in the application of its linguistic rules. The use of language that is not in accordance with the determinants of communication is not good Indonesian. Indonesian language that deviates from clear language rules is also not true Indonesian. Errors are considered as part of the teaching and learning process (Tarigan & Sulistyaningsih, 1997). The work steps for analyzing language errors according to Ellis and Sridhar can be done through five steps (Tarigan & Sulistyaningsih, 1997): 1. Collect data 2. Identifying errors 3. Classify errors 4. Explain the frequency of errors 5. Correct errors.
In more detail, the method of analyzing language errors is done by collecting errors made by students both in essays or other forms carefully and in detail. The language errors that have been collected are analyzed by the following steps: First, classifying language errors based on linguistic levels such as errors in phonology, morphology, syntax, discourse or semantics. The second sort of error is based on the frequency. Third, describe the location of errors and estimate the causes of errors. Fourth, estimate or predict areas or grains that are prone to errors. Fifth, correct errors or repairs errors.

III. METHOD
The method used in this study is the descriptive method. The refer method is the method used to obtain data by listening to the use of language. The term listening is not only related to the use of spoken language, but also the use of language in writing (Mahsun, 2005). The analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative-prescriptive techniques, namely by describing and explaining the findings in the field and providing solutions or solutions to the problems found in the use of Indonesian in public spaces in the City of Timika.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Based on the analysis that have been done, thus it was obtained the results of the study that can be shown in the following discussion.

Form of Spelling Error
In the following discussion, it is explained some forms of spelling errors found in outdoor media in the City of Timika. The following described the intended errors.
Use of letters 1. Use of Diphthong letters The error found in the picture beside is the writing of the capital word HidUP SEhAT. Between capital letters are small letters.

Figure 1
The Use of Diphthong Letters The error found on the restaurant's nameplate is an error in the form of writing diphthong letters in the words sate, gule, and saos. In the Enhanced Indonesian Spelling it is regulated that the writing of diphthong symbolized by ai, au, and oi. So writing the right words is satai, gulai, and sauce.  The letter ṣad ) ‫ص‬ Arabic) becomes, then the exact writing of the word musholla is musala.

Use of words
In the following discussion we will be explained some forms of misuse of words found on outdoor media in the City of Timika. 1. Basic word The use of the Indonesian language that is not appropriate in Figure 4 is in writing special words. The standard form of special words is special. There are three mistakes in writing the word in Figure 5, the word here. The word here must be written as a series because it is a prefix and not a preposition. So the correct writing is here. 3. Reshape  Re-form is written using hyphens (-) between the elements. The error in Figure 6 is not to use hyphens in the words of the sons and daughters of the sons and daughters.

Figure 7
Word Combination A combination of words that have been united is written in a series. Correct writing is sub-section and sub-sector.  Figure 8 writing the word general service information here is right, the word sold. Prepositions are written to, to, and from written separately from the word that follows it. 6. Abbreviations and Acronyms Commas are used among the elements in a detail or number. Commas are used among the elements in a detail or number. The picture beside, including among the elements in a detail. Therefore, the writing of the four images is as follows.

Figure 15
Exclamation Mark The error in the picture beside is on the word ATTENTION, where the purpose of the appeal is to describe sincerity, distrust, or strong emotions. According to the Indonesian Spelling General Guidelines (PUEBI) an exclamation point (!) Is used to end a phrase or statement in the form of an appeal or command that describes the real, distrust, or strong emotion. The word ATTENTION should be given an exclamation point (!), Just one and the writing is arranged with the last word that preceded it. So the writing is noticeable. ATTENTION!

Figure 12
Colon Writing the colon on the word jam ( figure 12) is not appropriate because the word jam does not require giving as is the case with the word Tel. and Fax. A colon is used after a word or phrase that requires giving.

Figure 13 Hyphen
The error found in Figure 13 lies in the use of hyphens used to connect the word TIMIKA-PAPUA. The use of hyphens does not discuss the use of hyphens (-) used to connect two place words. The correct writing is to use a comma (,).

Figure 14
Dash Figure 14 describe at 15.00 -18.00 WIB Receiving General Patients means that the dental practice starts at 15.00 until 18.00 WIB. Then the right writing is to use a dash (-) that is PUKUL 15.00 -18.00 WIB.

Figure 16
Quotation Mark The error found in Figure 16 is in the sentence For Papua Cerdas!. Word for Papua Smart is JWW-HMS's direct say in his campaign slogan quoted in billboards. So the writing must use quotation marks ("..."). That quotation marks are used to flank direct passages originating from talks, texts, or other written material. So the right writing is "FOR INTELLIGENT PAPUA".  The parenthesis function ((...)) is used to enclose additional information or explanations. Data in figure 76, EDUCATION AND CATHOLIC EDUCATION FOUNDATION (YPPK). The data is right using parentheses ((...)) to enclose additional information or explanations. However, the writing is incorrect because writing parentheses (YPPK) uses the distance between parentheses ((...)) and words. The right writing is not to use distance between words in parentheses ((...)), to become a PERSECOLOUS AND CATOLIC EDUCATION FOUNDATION (YPPK).

Italic Line
incorrect. Welcome to without writing any meaning iIndonesian below it. Matching words from Welcome to is "welcome to". If you have to enter English, you can write Indonesian first with English writing below, as follows:  Figure 18 'SAMBAL MANGGA / KEDONDONG has meaning as a substitute for words and, or, and each. Meaning that figure 18 is correct but, in writing it is not appropriate because between the two words that use slashes (/) are given the distance of Mango / Kedondong. Correct writing without using the distance between the two Mango / Kedondong.

Figure 19
Forms of Writing Error in Absorption Elements The use of English in outdoor media has rules. (Sugono, 2008) stated that on the nameplate, signs, fabric, and billboards if deemed necessary, foreign languages could be used and written in the lower part of the Indonesian language with smaller Latin letters.
The figure above, the writing is The word "pharmacy" and "pharmacy" are absorbed from the same foreign spelling as the Dutch "apotheek" which means a place to sell and sometimes make or mix drugs. The term "apotheek" comes from the Greek "apotheca" which actually means "warehouse" or "storage". In the original language, we can see that the vocal group used in the third syllable of the word "apotheek" is "e", not "i". In accordance with the rules or provisions for adjusting foreign spelling into Indonesian which have been regulated in the General Guidelines for Improved Indonesian Spelling, the letter "ee" is absorbed into Indonesian into "e". Therefore, standard writing is "pharmacy", not "pharmacy". The word practice or practice is a word that makes people fooled. Some people will regard practice as the right word. Some will consider right practice. To find out which is true, then we should refer to the large Indonesian Dictionary. Before discussing what is right, it is better to look at the meaning first. The meaning of the word practice or practice according to the Big Indonesian Dictionary this word means the real implementation of the theory, application, implementation of work. The word contained in KBBI is practice. While the practice word is not found.Selain itu, Suffix adjustment -ic in English or -isch in Dutch to be -ik in Indonesian. Practice is the right uptake, so the right words are practical work, malpractice, and doctor's practice.

V. CONCLUSION
Based on the objectives and the results obtained, there are some conclusions that can be drawn. The forms of error found in using Indonesian in public area in Timika city are spelling error, punctuation error and writing error in absorption elements. However, it is expected that the City Government of Timik socialize the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 24 of 2009, concerning Flags, Languages, National Symbols, and National Songs, which contain rules or provisions regarding the use of good and correct Indonesian in public places. In addition, the City Government of Timik is expected to make efforts to regulate the use of Indonesian in public places and make Regional Regulations regarding the use of Indonesian in public places and provide administrative sanctions to parties that do not comply with applicable rules.